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Dulaglutide – GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Injection (Type 2 Diabetes, Rx)
Dulaglutide is a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. It improves glycaemic control by enhancing glucose-dependent insulin secretion, suppressing inappropriate glucagon secretion, and delaying gastric emptying, thereby reducing both fasting and postprandial blood glucose levels.
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Dulaglutide is administered as a once-weekly subcutaneous injection, providing sustained receptor activation due to its extended elimination half-life. It is widely used in modern diabetes management due to its convenient dosing schedule, low risk of hypoglycaemia (when used alone), and additional cardiovascular risk reduction benefits in patients with established cardiovascular disease or risk factors.
Key Details
- Active Ingredient: Dulaglutide
- Drug Class: GLP-1 receptor agonist (incretin mimetic)
- Indication: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (glycaemic control)
- Administration Route: Subcutaneous injection
- Dosing Frequency: Once weekly
- Mechanism of Action: Enhances insulin secretion, reduces glucagon, delays gastric emptying
- Therapeutic Effects: Blood glucose reduction, appetite suppression, weight reduction (secondary effect)
- Prescription Status: Prescription-only medicine
Määrittelyt
- Dosage Forms: Prefilled, single-use injection pens
- Available Strengths: 0.75 mg, 1.5 mg, 3.0 mg, 4.5 mg
- Onset of Action: Within several days of initiation
- Peak Plasma Levels: ~48 hours post-dose
- Elimination Half-Life: ~5 days
- Bioavailability: ~47% (subcutaneous)
- Metabolism: Proteolytic degradation into amino acids (non-CYP pathway)
- Excretion: Primarily renal (as metabolites)
- Storage: Refrigerated (2°C–8°C); do not freeze
- In-Use Stability: Can be kept at room temperature for a limited period (per manufacturer guidance)
Dosage & Administration
- Initial Dose: 0.75 mg once weekly
- Maintenance Dose: May be increased to 1.5 mg, 3.0 mg, or 4.5 mg based on clinical response
- Administer on the same day each week, regardless of meals
- Injection sites: abdomen, thigh, or upper arm
- Gradual dose escalation recommended to improve tolerability
Compatibility / Suitable Use
- Adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus
- Patients requiring long-acting injectable glucose control
- Individuals with cardiovascular risk factors
- Suitable in combination with metformin, insulin, or other antidiabetic agents
- Must be used under medical supervision
Safety & Precautions
- Common adverse effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, decreased appetite
- Risk of pancreatitis (monitor abdominal symptoms)
- Contraindicated in patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or MEN 2 syndrome
- Not indicated for type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis
- Use caution in patients with severe gastrointestinal disease
Why Choose Dulaglutide?
Dulaglutide is a well-established GLP-1 receptor agonist offering effective glycaemic control with the convenience of once-weekly dosing. Its added benefits in cardiovascular risk reduction and potential for weight loss make it a preferred option in comprehensive type 2 diabetes management strategies.
